Ang Pagsalakay ng mga Moro noong panahon ng Espanyol at ang Kasalukuyang Lipunan ng Pilipinas
Sa kasalukyang panahon, ang mga Moro, o "mga Muslim", ay kilala ng ating lipunan bilang mga tagatinda ng mga piniratang dvd, mga gadyets sa ating mga palengke gaya ng bluetooth speakers, powerbanks, at iba pang mga pangangailangan natin sa pang-araw araw na pamumuhay. Sa ibang mga tao, maaaring ang ilan sa kanila ay nababansagang mga kasapi ng Moro Islamic Liberation Front o MILF, Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters o BIFF at iba pang mga teroristang grupo na nagtatago sa mga isla ng Mindanao. Sa kasaysayan, ano nga kaya ang naging papel nila noong panahon ng mga Espanyol? Ano ano nga ba ang halaga ng mga pangyayaring ito sa ating bansa sa kasalukuyan?
Noong panahon ng mga Espanyol, marami nang naitalang mga pagsalakay ng mga katutubong muslim sa iba't -ibang bahagi ng ating bansa. Ang layunin ng mga pagsalakay na ito ay upang makakuha ng mga mamamayang maaring gawing alipin at ipagbili sa mga karatig na bansa. Marami nang mga mamamayan at mga kabayanan noong panahon ng mga Espanyol ang nasira at mga nawala dahil sa mga pagsalakay ng mga Moro na pinangungunahan ng mga Maranao, Maguindanao, Badjao, mga Sangil, Tausug at iba pang mga pangkat-etniko na bahagi ng mga Muslim. Umaatake sila sa iba't ibang mga pamamaraan gaya ng biglaang pagsalakay ng buong pwersa, pagsalakay sa mga simbahan at hanggang sa maliliit na pag-atake ng maliliit na grupo. Bilang pamamaraan ng mga Espanyol, sila ay nagpapaagawa ng mga simbahang bato na may bantay tore upang balaan ang mga mamamayan na lumikas patungong simbahan. Bukod pa rito, may ibang mga tao naman na gumagawa ng mabibilis na bangka na tinatawag na "barangayanes" na ginagamit upang labanan ang sasakyang pandigma ng mga Moro. Isa pang pamamaraan ng mga Espanyol upang ipagtanggol ang kanilang mga pueblo ay ang pagpayag ng Hari ng Espanya na mag-armas ang mga Pilipino at hayaan silang magtatag ng kanilang mga pandepensa sa ilalim ng pamamhala ng mga prayle.
Books
Agoncillo, Teodoro; and Guerrero, Milagros. 1982. History ofthe Filipino People. Quenzon City: R. P. Garcia Publishing Co.
Bernad, Miguel A., S.]. 1968. History against the Landscape: Personal and Historical Essays about the Philippines.Manila: Solidaridad Publishing House.
Cruikshank, Bruce. 1985. Samar: 1768-1898. Manila: Historical Conservation Society.
Cushner, Nicholas P., S.]. 1971. The Philippiness: From Conquest to Revolution. Quezon City: Institute of
Philippine Culture, Ateneo de Manila University.
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Bangkang Pandigma ng mga Moro
Sa Kasalukuyang panahon, bakas pa rin naman ang sigalot sa pagitan ng mga Moro at ng pamahalaan ng Pilipinas. Isa na rito ay ang grupo ng MILF na siyang nagsusulong ng pagkakaroon nito ng autonomiya mula sa ating pamahalaan. Noong Setyembre 23, 2013, isinaad ni Mohagher Iqbar na hinahangad na lamang ng kanilang grupo na maging isang substate ang buong Mindanao na mayroong sariling kasundaluhan upang ipagtanggol nito ang kanilang teritoryo. Noong panahon ng administrasyong Aquino, inanunsyo ni Pangulong Benigno Aquino III na magkakaroon na ng Kasunduang pangkapayapaan ang pamahalaan at ang MILF na siyang gaganapin sa Kuala Lumpur na may mga kondisyson na ititigil na nila ang mga kilusan laban sa pamahalaan kapalit ng pagbibigay ng control ng pamahalaan sa mga rebeldeng grupo ng kalayaan sa pangangasiwa ng mga likas na yaman sa rehiyon.
Sa kabuuang konteksto, masasabi natin na may sarili nang pamamahala ang mga Moro sa kanilang komunidad kahit pa noong panahon ng mga Espanyol hanggang ngayon. Mahihinuha rin natin na naghahangad sila na magkaroon ng sariling pamamahala sa kanilang lugar sa Mindanao. Maaari nating masabi na sila ay gumagamit ng dahas upang igiit ang kanilang karapatan sa kanilang pagsasarili subalit nararapat naman nating lahat na hindi lamang nakukuha sa dahas ang pagkamit ng pagkakaroon ng sariling pamamahala bagkus ay madadaan ito sa maayos na usapan para sa ikabubuti ng lahat.
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Books
Agoncillo, Teodoro; and Guerrero, Milagros. 1982. History ofthe Filipino People. Quenzon City: R. P. Garcia Publishing Co.
Bernad, Miguel A., S.]. 1968. History against the Landscape: Personal and Historical Essays about the Philippines.Manila: Solidaridad Publishing House.
Cruikshank, Bruce. 1985. Samar: 1768-1898. Manila: Historical Conservation Society.
Cushner, Nicholas P., S.]. 1971. The Philippiness: From Conquest to Revolution. Quezon City: Institute of
Philippine Culture, Ateneo de Manila University.
De la Costa, H., S.].Fernandez, Pablo, O. P.
1965. Readings in Philippine History. Manila: Bookmark.
1979. History ofthe Church in the Philippines, 1521-1898. Metro Manila: National
1979. History ofthe Church in the Philippines, 1521-1898. Metro Manila: National
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The Philippines (Reprint of 1906 edition). Manila: The Filipiana Book Guild.From Epic to History - A Brief Introduction to Bicol History. Naga City: AMS Press.
The Institutions ofMaguindanao, Part VI, Vol. 1. Quezon City: Historical Conserva-
The Institutions ofMaguindanao, Part VI, Vol. 1. Quezon City: Historical Conserva-
tion Society.
Majul, Cesar Adib. 1978. Philippine Agricultural Staff.
ment Authority. Picornell, Pedro D. 1977.
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Center, Mindanao State University.
Saleeby, Najeeb M.; and Gayangos, Antonio Martel de. 1976. Studies in Moro History, Law and Religion and the
Island of Mindanao. Manila: Filipiniana Book Guild, Inc.
Schlegel, Stuart A. 1979. Tiruray Subsistencefrom Shifting Cultivation to Plow Agriculture. Quezon City: Ateneo
Majul, Cesar Adib. 1978. Philippine Agricultural Staff.
ment Authority. Picornell, Pedro D. 1977.
Society.
Rasul, Jainal D. 1970.
Realubit, Maria Lilia F. 1983. Bikols of the Philippines: History, Literature and General List of the Literary Works.
Naga City: AMS Press.
Saber, Mamitua. 1980. Battle of Marawi, 1895 and Two Related Articles. Marawi City: University Research
Center, Mindanao State University.
Saleeby, Najeeb M.; and Gayangos, Antonio Martel de. 1976. Studies in Moro History, Law and Religion and the
Island of Mindanao. Manila: Filipiniana Book Guild, Inc.
Schlegel, Stuart A. 1979. Tiruray Subsistencefrom Shifting Cultivation to Plow Agriculture. Quezon City: Ateneo
418
Muslims in the Philippines. Manila: Saint Mary's Publishing.1975. Philippine Agriculture in the Last Twenty Years. National Economic Develop-
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The Philipine Chronicles ofFray San Antonio, Vol II. Manila: Historical Conservation
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de Manila University.
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Theology, Ateneo de Manila.
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Schumacher, John N., S. J. 1979. Readings in the Philippine Church History. Quezon City: Loyola School of
Theology, Ateneo de Manila.
Scott, William Henry. 1982. Cracks in the Parchment Curtain and Other Essays on Philippine History. Quezon City:
New Day Publishers.
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Davao: The Love Story ofDon Jose de Oyanguren. Davao City: Mindanao Times, Inc.The Filipino MusHm Armed Struggle, 190rr1972. Makati: Filipinas Foundation.
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Zuniga, Fr. Joaquin Martinez de. 1973. Status ofthe Philippines in 1800. Translated by Vicente del Carmen. Manila: Filipiniana Book Guild.
Journals, Theses and Other Periodicals
Dery, Luis C. undated. Mora Raids in Luzon and the Visayas, 1571-1896. Unpublished Mimeograped Paper.
Espinosa, Vicente. 1974. Social Change in the Bilaan Society. Unpublihed M. A. Thesis, Silliman University.
Fontecha, Henry F. 1989-90. A Preliminary Study of "Bisaya"-"Moro" Contacts during the Early Spanish Period: Focus on Iloilo. The Journal oj History (Philippine Historical Society) 34--35: 29-37.
Kiefer, Thomas M. 1969. The Tausog Armed Conflict: The Social Organization of Military Activity in a Philippine Moslem Society. Unpublished Ph. D. Dissertation, Indiana University.
Loyre, Ghislaine. 1985-86. Slave-Raiding in Maranao Economy from the 16th to the 18th Centuries. The Journal oj History (Philippine Historical Society) 30-31: 17-26.
Reed, Robert Ronald. 1967. Hispanic Urbanism in the Philippines: A Study of the Impact of Church and State. Journal ofEast Asiatic Studies (University of Manila) 2 (March): 1-167
1981. The Sulu Zone 1768-1898: The Dynamic ofExternal Trade, Slavery, and Ethnicity in the Transforma- tion of Southeast Maritime State. Singapore: Singapore University Press.
Zaide, Gregorio F. 1957. Philippine Political and Cultural History. Vol. 1. Manila: Philippine Education Co.1961. History ofOur Republic. Manila: Villanueva Book Store.
Zuniga, Fr. Joaquin Martinez de. 1973. Status ofthe Philippines in 1800. Translated by Vicente del Carmen. Manila: Filipiniana Book Guild.
Journals, Theses and Other Periodicals
Dery, Luis C. undated. Mora Raids in Luzon and the Visayas, 1571-1896. Unpublished Mimeograped Paper.
Espinosa, Vicente. 1974. Social Change in the Bilaan Society. Unpublihed M. A. Thesis, Silliman University.
Fontecha, Henry F. 1989-90. A Preliminary Study of "Bisaya"-"Moro" Contacts during the Early Spanish Period: Focus on Iloilo. The Journal oj History (Philippine Historical Society) 34--35: 29-37.
Kiefer, Thomas M. 1969. The Tausog Armed Conflict: The Social Organization of Military Activity in a Philippine Moslem Society. Unpublished Ph. D. Dissertation, Indiana University.
Loyre, Ghislaine. 1985-86. Slave-Raiding in Maranao Economy from the 16th to the 18th Centuries. The Journal oj History (Philippine Historical Society) 30-31: 17-26.
Reed, Robert Ronald. 1967. Hispanic Urbanism in the Philippines: A Study of the Impact of Church and State. Journal ofEast Asiatic Studies (University of Manila) 2 (March): 1-167
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